jst4u: kannur

Kannur is a city and a municipality in Kannur district in the Indian state ofKerala. It is the administrative headquarters of the district of Kannur. It is known as Land of Looms and Lores. During British rule in India, Kannur was known by its Portuguese name ofCannanore which is still in fairly common usage. This is the largest city of North Malabar. According to the data compiled by Indicus Analytics, a research firm, Kannur is one of the ten best cities in India to live. The parameters set by this firm are in the field of health, education, environment, safety, public facilities and entertainment for preparing the data.

Kannur is the fourth largest urban agglomeration in Kerala after Kochi, Thiruvananthapuram andKozhikode, and has a population of 4,98,207. Kannur is famous for its pristine beaches;Theyyam, its native performing art; and its handloom industry.

Kannur is of great strategic military importance. It houses one of the 62 military cantonments in the country, the Kannur Cantonment, and is the current seat of the Defence Security Corps.

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· 1 History

· 2 Demographics

· 3 Places in Kannur

· 4 Kannur town and Kannur City

· 5 Education in Kannur

· 6 Transportation

· 7 Media

· 8 See also

· 9 References

· 10 External links

[edit]History

Kannur was an important port on the Arabian Sea and carried out trade with Persia and Arabiain the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. It was also the British military headquarters on India's west coast until 1887. In conjunction with her sister city, Tellicherry, it was the third largest city on the western coast of British India in the eighteenth century after Bombay andKarachi.^{[citation needed]}

St. Angelo's Fort was built in 1505 by Dom Francisco de Almeida, the first Portuguese Viceroy of India, and this fort is situated along the Arabian sea about 3 km from Kannur town. The ownership of the fort has changed hands several times. In 1663, the Dutch captured it and sold it to the Arakkal royal family in 1772. The British conquered it in 1790 and transformed it into one of their major military stations on the Malabar Coast. It is fairly well preserved as a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India. A painting of this fort and the fishing ferry as a background is on display at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. The head of Kunjali Marakkar was cut off body and exhibited in the Fort after his assassination. Here, Kerala Police has posted six tourism police officers for the protection of and guidance to the tourists. Among them, one policeman named Sathyan Edakkad has written and published a book on the history of this fort, named Vasco da Gaamayum Charithrathile Kaanaappurangalum (Vasco da Gama and the unseen pages of history). He has detailed knowledge about the fort and the surrounding places. During the British Raj, Kannur was part of the Madras province in the District of North Malabar. Kannur is the capital city of one and only Muslim Sultanate of Kerala, known as Arakkal. Before that, Kannur was under Kolathiri of Chirakkal.

[edit]Demographics

St. Angelo Fort

According to the 2001 census of India,^[1] Kannur has a population of 63,795. Males constitute 48% of the population and females, 52%. Kannur has an average literacy rate of 83%, higher than the national average of 59.5%. Male literacy is 84% and female literacy is 83%. In Kannur, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.

[edit]Places in Kannur

Kannur City Centre on Fort Road

Shenoy Centre on Fort Road

Cannon at St. Angelo Fort. Mappila Bay is seen in the distance.

§ Indian Naval Academy: It is Asia's largest naval academy located at Ezhimala which is approximately 35 km north of Kannur.

§ St. Angelo Fort: It was built in 1505 by the first Portuguese Viceroy of India, Dom Francisco de Almeida. In 1663, the Dutch captured it and then in 1772, they sold the fort to the Arakkal King. In 1790, the British Captured it and it was under British until 1947.

§ Payyambalam Beach is a famous Kannur beach with an unbroken coastline of a few kilometres. From the beach, one can see ships in transit along the Malabar coast, from beyond Calicut (Kozhikode) moving towards Mangalore, Goa and Bombay (Mumbai). The well laid out garden and the massive landscaped sculpture of Mother and Child erected by noted sculptor Kanayi Kunhiraman makes it extremely captivating.

§ Arakkal Museum, located in Ayikkara, is a museum dedicated to the Arakkal family, the only Muslim royal family in Kerala, south India. The museum is actually a section of theArakkalkettu (Arakkal Palace). The durbar hall section of the palace has been converted into a museum by the Government of Kerala. It was opened in July 2005 after a massive renovation work and is managed by the Arakkal Family Trust.

§ The Cannanore Lighthouse near the Sea View Park is another place of interest. The first lighthouse at Kannur was built in 1843 by the British at St. Angelo's Fort. Over the years, the lighthouse was renovated and in 1948, it was moved to the current location. The lighthouse is still in use.

§ The Cannanore Cantonment is one of the 62 cantonments in the country and the only one in Kerala. It was established by the British in the 19th century and is still an important location for Indian armed forces

§ The Defence Security Corps (DSC) Centre and DSC Records is located in Kannur town, on the road to Payyambalam Beach. The area is a part of the Cannanore Cantonment and is well-maintained by the Cantonment Board. The DSC centre at Kannur is the mother depot to all platoons in the country.

§ Baby Beach, so-called because it is smaller than its larger neighbour, Payyambalam Beach. St. Angelo Fort is adjacent to it. The baby beach is part of the Cannanore Cantonment and access may be restricted at times.

§ Meenkunnu Beach at Azhikode, just a few kilometres from the town.

§ Mappila Bay in Ayikkara, near the St. Angelo fort, is a major fishing harbor overlooking theArabian Sea.

§ The Azhikkal Ferry — near Azhikode, about 10 km from Kannur town, where theValapattanam river joins the Arabian sea. The Azhikkal ferry gives a magnificent view of the sunset. There is a granite pathway here which stretches 2 km into the sea.

§ The Kannur City Center is a prominent shopping center on Fort Road.

§ The Sea View Park, near the Payyambalam beach is overlooked by the Government Guest House. The Park is at an elevation from the sea level and gives a magnificent view of the sunset.

§ Kannur Central Bus Terminal,its Kerala's biggest bus terminal, located at Thavakkara,its also India's first bus terminal to be developed on a build-operate-transfer (BOT) basis.

§ Vismaya amusement park,the Vismaya amusement park is at Parassinikadavu, 17 km from Kannur town. The amusement park is located in 30 acres of land and can handle 3,000-3,500 visitors at a time.

§ Thana,The hot spot of Kannur,located on National Highway #17 through which most of the inter-district commutation takes place.

§ Peralassery Subrahmanya Swami Kshetram, 14 km from Kannur on Koothuparamba Road. It has been believed that Lord Rama stayed here when he was going in search of Sita Devi.

§ Anjarakandy,Asias largest Cinanamon estate is here 18 km from Kannur which was established by East India company in 1797 as a cinnamon plantation. A historical war between Pazhassi raja and British army was fought out from here in the year 1903, Kannur Medical college is also located here .

[edit]Kannur town and Kannur City

Kannur City Skyline

The region in and around the municipality of Kannur has been so developed that it has become known as Kannur City, but it should not be confused with the old town, Kannur city.

§ Kannur town — this is the actual city of Kannur and the administrative headquarters of Kannur District. The major business establishments, government offices, shopping centres, hotels, and showrooms are located in Kannur town.

§ Kannur City — although named "city", Kannur City is the old town, just a few kilometres from Kannur town, and is different from Kannur town. Both Kannur town and Kannur City fall under the Kannur Municipal Council. Kannur City was the ancient capital of the Arakkalkingdom. The Kannur district HQ hospital and city bus stand are located near Kannur City.

Growing skyline of Kannur Payyambalam sea shore

[edit]Education in Kannur

In the 14th and 15th centuries, during the regime of the Kolathiri Rajas, Taliparamba was renowned all over Kerala as a seat of learning, enlightenment and culture. In the early days, the Eshuthu pallies under the Ezhuthachan or village school master, provided facilities to pupils to acquire elementary education. After undergoing the preliminary course of study in these institutions, the children were sent to the kalaries for acquiring training in gymnastics and in the use of arms and then they were sent to study Sanskrit in Vedic schools under well trained teachers. This district had in the past, its share of such kalaries and Vedic schools. The art, Kalaripayattu, is particularly associated with this district.

The beginning of western education in the district may be traced back to the middle of the 16th century. The first English school, known as the Basel German Mission English School, was started on 1 March 1856 at Thalassery. The Brennen School at Thalassery, the nucleus of the present Govt. Brennen College, was started in 1862 with the generous donation made by Mr. Brennen, Master Attendant at Thalassery.

Kannur University was established by the Act 22 of 1996 of Kerala Legislative Assembly. The University by the name “Malabar University” had come into existence even earlier by the promulgaton of an Ordinance by the Governor of Kerala, on 9 November 1995. The University was inaugurated on 2 March 1996 by the Hon. Chief Minister of Kerala. The objective of the Kannur University Act 1996 is to establish in the state of Kerala a teaching, residential and affiliating University so as to provide for the development of higher education in Kasargod and Kannur revenue Districts and the Mananthavady Taluk of Wayanad district. Kannur University is unique in the sense that it is a multi-campus university with campuses located at various locations under its jurisdiction. The present Vice-Chancellor of Kannur University is Dr P. K. Michael Tharakan, who took over from Dr P Chandramohan. Pariyaram Medical college established in 1999 near Payyanur and Kannur Medical college with a 500 bed super speciality hospital established in 2006 at Anjarakkandy are two medical colleges functioning in Kannur district

Kannur hosts the 13th cente for National Institute of Fashion Technology NIFT.

[edit]Transportation

Kannur Railway Station

Kannur is easily reachable by road, rail, air and sea.

Kannur is on the National Highway 17 (NH-17) between Mahe and Talapady. The roads in the city are well laid out, although the condition of the roads is affected during the monsoonseason.

The two airports at Mangalore, Karnataka in the north and Kozhikode in the south are just about 125 kilometres away from Kannur. A New International Airport is proposed near Mattanur in Kannur district. Official website of Kannur International airport

Kannur is an ancient sea port. The nearest all-weather sea port is Mangalore, presently inKarnataka state. The inland water transport system connecting Perumba and Thaliparambawas constructed in 1766 by the Ali Raja of Kannur. This 3.8 km long canal is known as the Sultan's Canal. The west flowing rivers are used for navigation. The Valappattanam river, 55 km and Ancharakandy river, 23 km. The nearest airport is in Kozhikode.

[edit]Media

Private FM Radio stations in Kannur

Club FM (the Mathrubhumi Printing And Publishing Co Ltd) -94.3 megahertz

Radio Mango (the Malayala Manorama Co Ltd) -91.9 megahertz

Red FM (Sun Network)- 93.5 megahertz

Best FM (Asianet Communications Ltd) - 95.0 megahertz

AIR FM Radio Station

Kannur - 101.5 megahertz

Print Media

Besides this, almost all news papers like Mathrubhumi, Thejas, Malayala Manorama, Deshabhimani, Deepika, Chandrika, Keralakoumudi, Madhyamam, News First, Janmabhoomi, Veekshanam, Siraj are published from Kannur.